Shakespearean Influences in Brave New World by Aldous Huxley - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 804 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/04/30 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Brave New World Essay William Shakespeare Essay Did you like this example? 1. Introduction From the line: Oh, wonder! / How many goodly creatures are there here! / How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world, / That has such people in t!, we can see that â€Å"Brave New World† is full of references to Shakespeare â€Å"The Tempest†. In Huxleys book, this idea it is expressed by John, the Savage who was raised on an Indian Reservation, and who, as an adult, is brought to the civilized World State, which is Huxleys futuristic bad place. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Shakespearean Influences in Brave New World by Aldous Huxley" essay for you Create order John finds it really tragic that people from this futuristic society knows almost nothing about real religion, sacrifice, suffering, literature or arts. So when he quotes Shakespeare he is obviuos ironic, he is not really impressed with the shallow, superficial lives people lives. He finds it sad that people have traded deep relationships for security. People that lives in the World State traded giving up passion, art and freedom for comfort. Huxley is ironic when he titles his book â€Å"Brave New World†. He tries to warn people through his dystopia against allowing this kind of shallow and dehumanizing world to develop. In dystopian society, people are controlled by the offering of excess pleasure instead of using force. The meaning of the word brave as we use it nowdays- It doesn’t make much sense in theasedays for any world to be described as ‘ready to face and endure danger or pain or showing courage’ – and this,;neighter Shakespeare and nor Huxley are using the term with this meaning here. Shakespeare was the very first if we consider the entery from the Oxford English Dictionary, to use the common modern sense of brave. So in Henry VI, Part 1, it was an earlier sense, a general epithet that suggest admiration or praise, which is definited as ‘good’. This was used in the late sixteenth century, but this says is considered archaic. Further I will presents the thems that are found predominant in this book. Aldous Huxley writes in his foreword to the novel that â€Å"The theme of Brave New World is not the advancement of science as such; it is the advancement of science as it affects individuals.† In his dystopian vision, the World Controllers have solved social and class conflicts by means of a cloning process that homogenizes the population, brainwashing them into accepting their lot in life.Increased sexual freedom, and the addiction to a drug called soma, destroys traditional gender roles, family structures, and the heories of love and relationships. Consequently, the citizens of this brave new world are largely incapable of forming emotional attachments. Another important theme in Brave New World is the past. This is evident because the World Controllers destroy all traces of the past, including art, history, and literature. Both intellectual curiosity and scientific innovation are frowned upon because they threaten the ruling class power over the masses. Why I choose Huxley’s â€Å"Brave New World† to analyze and present from a political view? I did that because that book warns us of how even an intelligent population can be driven to gladly choose dictatorship over freedom., and of the dangers of mass media and of peoples passivity. I find really fascinating Huxley’s view of light handed totalitarian dictatorship that stands in contrast to the popular image of a dictatorship that relies on force. While other dystopias are more well-know, Brave New World offers us a somber world that weve moved steadily towards over the last century. The description of a nightmare society is Brave New World , where everybody is perfectly happy all the time. This is can be assured only through destroying the free will of most of the population by using genetic engineering and Pavlovian conditioning, and keeping everybody entertained continuously with endless distractions, and of course, offering a plentiful supply of the wonder drug Soma in order to keep people happy if all else fails. This novel presets a world where children are being bringed to life in laboratories and scheduled for a specific work. This is a world where humans are devided into intelligence classes, for example: Alpha Plus geniuses and Epsilon Minus or Gamma Minus that are born to live under specific working conditions. Thease are people who are forever young physically and who sometimes disappear. They learn in a very simple way: they listen over and over again during sleep, and they wake up knowing from somewhere to do different jobs or having different information. But they can’t make the connections. The basic word for this world is â€Å"UTOPIA†, and it’s motto is Community, Identity and Stability. In order for stability to exists, everything is programmed. Identity is lacking completing, but it is â€Å"created† for each individual by the daily sama (hallucinogen) mass distribution. The community is assured in the unique moments in which people choose to behave in the group.

Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad - 1471 Words

In the story Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad a sailor decides to travel to Africa on a whim, using family connections he enlists as the captain of a ship travelling up the Congo River. The novella provides many themes, however is the text in itself racist? One of the main concepts portrayed in Heart of Darkness is the treatment of the natives of Africa and their image. This is most commonly shown through the disparity of the image between what is said in the novel and what can be read through subtext. Hunters for gold or pursuers of fame, they all had gone out on that stream, bearing the sword, and often the torch, messengers of the might within the land, bearers of a spark from the sacred fire. What greatness had not floated on the ebb of that river into the mystery of an unknown earth!†¦The dreams of men, the seed of commonwealths, the germs of empires. (1.6) The image shown is that the men are great adventurers seeking wealth and happiness, but is contrasting the fa ct that these supposed wonderful people are raping and enslaving another people. It is without a doubt that there is racism portrayed in the story and the implication is that Conrad is racist as well, however the cartoonish way it is shown makes it seem as though he is simply showing the darkness of humanity. The point of view taken by Marlow in the novella shows what people were like at the time the story takes place. How, even when sympathetic towards a different race, he is still unable to seeShow MoreRelatedHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad Essay1371 Words   |  6 Pagesevery human and everything created by humans has two sides to it: the form and the substance. Joseph Conrad’s novella â€Å"Heart of Darkness† shows precisely how dangerous it is to put our trust in a concept, for example: colonization, without realizing that most of the time one only gets to see the form and not the substance. In this essay, my purpose is to demonstrate that â€Å"Heart of Darkness† by Joseph Conrad is mainly a novella about the discrepancy between substance and form. In order to prove my pointRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1378 Words   |  6 PagesWoytassek AP English 12 Heart of Darkness Reading Log Author: Joseph Conrad Title: Heart of Darkness Original Publication Date: 1899 Kind of Writing: Heart of Darkness is a colonial novella of an expository narrative. Writer’s Purpose and Intended Audience Joseph Conrad wrote Heart of Darkness because he wanted to expose human temptation to experiment with darkness when one’s own desires overcome one’s morals. By writing from his own experience of exploring the Congo, Conrad draws conclusions thatRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad is a story that takes place in the early 1890s and presents us with an odyssey of a traveler known as Marlow who confronts the dangers of the Congo jungle while also witnessing the wicked, inhumane treatment of the African natives. In the story, Marlow represents Joseph Conrad who had actually traveled up the Congo in 1890 and witnessed the European exploitation of the African natives firsthand. In the Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad exposes the inhumanityRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1350 Words   |  6 Pagesyears, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad was a treasured classic, with many honourable themes and messages, as the author reveals the true nature of humanity by following an European sailor’s journey through the dark jungles of Africa and down the river Congo, all while watching as his own humanity changes. As society has evolved, however, Heart of Darkness has come under scrutiny, as the language is quite racist. Chinua Achebe, writer of An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrad’s Heart of DarknessRead MoreHeart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad1329 Words   |  5 Pages Heart of Darkness is a novel written by Joseph Conrad. The setting of the book is in Belgian Congo, which was the most infamous European colony in Africa. This is a story about the protagonist Marlow’s journey to self discovery, and his experiences in Congo. Conrad’s story explores the colonialism period in Africa to demonstrate Marlow’s struggles. Along the way, he faces insanity, death, his fear of failure, and cultural contamination as he makes his was to the inner station. Conrad through theRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad968 Words   |  4 PagesJoseph Conrad’s novella The Heart of Darkness has been under controversy because of racial interpretations. The race factor in this novel has made some scholars and professors question the function the novella has in the classroom. However, Joseph Conrad had another view when writing the novel; to demonstrate how prejudice and dehumanizing the European culture is towards African Americans and their culture during this time period. European’s superior authority over African Americans is portrayedRead MoreHeart Of Darkness, By Joseph Conrad1306 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is the â€Å"horror† in Heart of Darkness, and what particular literary images develop that idea of horror in the novel? In Joseph Conrad’s, Heart of Darkness, there can be many literary images found within that develop the idea of horror. Heart of Darkness is noted for its horror within the Congo between the Africans and the Europeans. The horror in Heart of Darkness is a contribution of many ideas that are formed and contributed from the European colonists. The purpose of this essay aims to argueRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1076 Words   |  5 PagesWritten in the late 1800’s, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is a novella about one man’s travel into the Congo Free State by way of the Congo River. The title â€Å"Heart of Darkness† actually holds two different meanings. Heart of Darkness is both a metaphor for a psychological â€Å"dark side† of man, and an allusion to Africa. The title suggests both a physical and mental reference. During the time the novel takes place, Africa was nick-named the dark continent because of how little the Europeans knewRead MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrad, author of Heart of Darkness, intriguingly uses an unnamed narrator in his novel that clearly becomes of importance right away in the introduction. Conrad’s narrator chooses to speak of the historical period in which Roman colonization took over what we now know as Great Britain. By connecting a Roman colonization story to one almost 2000 years later talking about the Belgians in Africa, Conrad reveals one of his own themes in the novel. He proposes that the Romans and Belgians Read MoreHeart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1149 Words   |  5 PagesIn his provocative novella Heart of Darkness, author Joseph Conrad sheds light on the primal nature in all men, casting a shadow—a darkness that is the result of being freed of societies norms. An in-depth analysis of Jo seph Conrad and the work shows how well he is able to combine story elements to make an engaging read. Conrad is able to do this through his characters, such as protagonist Marlow, whose experiences through his journey shows him vividly, the violence and brutality even the gentlest

International Management and Ethics

Question: Discuss about the International Management and Ethics. Answer: Introduction: The aim of the report is to identify and analyse the link between globalization and the cross cultural management. The report identifies the factors that contribute in understanding the requirement of cross cultural management while expanding the business in the international market. GeekChic is to establish its services on an international level and thus it is very important for the company to understand the significance and interconnection between globalization and cross cultural management (Bisbe and Malagueňo, 2012). When a company plans to expand globally, communication is a very important aspect to be taken seriously as miscommunication or communicational gap can lead to poor results and outcomes. Apart from communication, problems can be raised due to the wrong understanding of cultural and ethical differences. For enjoying the competitive advantage over the global market, it becomes necessary for the companies to practice cross cultural management. The differences and diversities in the cultures of various countries can affect the efficiency and effectiveness of the managers to build up the management system (Fried, 2010). The managers are needed to be aware regarding these changes while working over a global platform. The finance industry can hugely get improved by the cross cultural management. The cross cultural management includes managing the complexities of the communication across culture, the time zones, the distance and various challenges which may concern the managers (Bisbe and Malagueňo, 2012) Overview of the macroeconomic environment The Netherlands has a balanced and well maintained economy, which is the result of openness to international trade and investment and an efficient environment which promotes strict and robust business activities. The financial stability is too well balanced. The judicial system is independent, strong and corruption free providing strong property rights. The 2016 freedom score of Netherlands is 4.6 while its global ranking is 16th. The fiscal policies in Netherlands are a matter of concern as the government spending is high. The expenditure made on unemployment support, subsidies and other social support activities kept the balance budget negative (Hou, 2012). There are political aspects which face corruption and efficient anti-corruption measures and steps are taken. The complete legal structure assures strong protection of the private property rights and establishments of the contracts. The judiciary matters are quite amazingly solved thus having a fair jurisdiction (Ezike and Amah, 2011). The top income tax rate is 52%and the corporate tax rate stands at 25%. The overall taxes include 37% of the total income of the country. The government expenditures are 46.8% of the GDP. The budget of the country has been in deficit and the public debt exceeds 65% of the complete GDP (Hou, 2012). The EU members have 1% of tariff rate and the trade closures are negotiated with various countries involving US and Japan. There are no strict regulations for foreign investment while investment in fewer industries is restricted. The banking sector is more inclined towards the local market ratherr than the international market. Synopsis of a value comparison to compare Japan and Netherlands While comparing various aspects of the both companies, Netherlands and Japan has different and varied cultures. The countries have different currencies and located in different continents. Netherlands is a part of Europe while Japan is a part of Asia. The primary languages of the countries are completely different where the Netherlands has Dutch and French as base languages while Japanese language is used in Japan. Netherland follows government with constitutional monarchy while Japan is a republic nation. Both the countries have high GDPs but comparatively Japan has a very high GDP. The GDP of Netherlands is $753 billion and ranks 17thin the world while Japans GDP is $4.421 trillion which ranks 83rd in the world. The GDP growth rate of Netherlands is 1.99% which is quite similar than that of Japan which is 1.51% (Tutunea and Rus, 2012). If we compare the unemployment ratios of the countries, the ratios are quite similar as Netherlands has 6.9% unemployment while Japan has 6.4% unemployment in the country. Netherlands follows Euro while Japan has Lebanese pounds. Netherlands has a high population of 16.9m while Japan has 4.65m which is quite different with each other. As per the Hofstedes cultural dimensions, the countries are quite different in terms of various aspects and similar in some dimensions. Brief Critique of Hofstedes work The pioneer of business management Hofstede proposed culture as a very important aspect in identifying the managerial behavior. Hofstede conducted a huge research for this aspect and analyzed the data which included analysis of more than 100,000 people working in above 50 countries and regions (Micheli and Mari, 2014). As a result of this data, Hofstede developed a framework which determines the prime and main four dimensions which are Power Distance PDI, V, masculine/feminine and avoidance of uncertainty. According to the IDV, all the cultures can be featured by the strength and impact of the social forces which is responsible to bring the individuals together into single social entities. This dimension focuses on the importance of an individual over a group while collectivism showcases the importance of the group over individuals (Ezike and Amah, 2011). The Hofstedes models have developed several controversies in terms of over usage and undervaluation. This model is generally stated as a failure by various analyses. Hofstede only evaluated one company and its staff which can be measured culturally representative. The model is not said to representative as it takes the example of one single company involving the scenario of middle class workers (Micheli and Manzoni, 2010). Hofstede proposed that the working of a single entity would eliminate or hinder the effect of the economical policies and management practices for various companies that influence the behavior in a different manner. Howe ever it is seen that the national and organizational cultures are not dependant issues. Even after declining the corporate policies and the management practices, there are still different and various cultures existing in a country. The hofstedes assumption regarding the culture differentiation of countries by surveying only sing IBM Companys matter s is not justifiable (Lendel and Varmus, 2011). There are various factors which affects the cultural dimensions which are not covered in the Hofstedes model. Also the significance of community and various community based aspects. Hofstede used some limited survey to explain the values and practices relating to a specific country or company (Ezike and Amah, 2011). International business and management culture with cross-cultural theory and challenges for the manager in globalized world. The analogy for a conceptualize framework for cultural intelligence and the theory is been studied with different layers.There are certain aspects which are very much visible as an iceberg. The international business and the management culture differs when observing cultural challenges and theories in a country. Culture mainly includes language, food, music, perceptions and behavior of a person. When a business is undertaking an international affair, it needs to understand the culture of another country. The manager of GeekChic, who is travelling to Japan for a consignment of two years. The company needs an expansion at the higher level and it sends one of the manager who is exceptionally going well with promotions in short period. There are cultural differences that are considered by the company when the components of cultural intelligence are bifurcated and understood in this variance (Varela, Salgado and Lasio, 2010). There are some objective indicators that have cultural differences and this become a progressive elusive with the levels of values and the assumptions. Cultural intelligence is constructed by managing the gap that focuses on capablities and domains in cross cultural context. As such, there are certain elements that need to be considered while international business is undertaken. There are intergrations and challenges for a person when taking into a generic advice for cultural intelligence. Decision making, values and globalization, leadership and cultural intelligence and negotiation and communication are importantly considered for international business. Values and globalization The globalization forces have led to an intense condition which is explicitly an evidence which is accepted and influenced in life. Geekchic organization felt an immense need for expansion of its activities that are relevant and felt by the company. As such the concept of globalization has some challenges, there are management cultures that are meant immensely and training to a manager going in Japan is provided by explaining her the relevant value system and the importance of globalization for the organization (Wild and Han, 2008). The rapid economic liberalization has led to globalization and this is an investment and a process of which is possible through information and communication. Globalization is a very complex term that is mostly used while talking about international business. It is even misinterpreted and misused by organizations and individuals. As such, there are increasing influences that are mainly exerted by political, economic and socio-cultural factors across the globe. These are widely considered while evaluating and accepting the changes that need to be included with new opportunities. Decision making While an international trade takes place, when products are readily available for globalization. Decision regarding how the international business should be carried out is carried out by senior level authorities for production, price and marketing of products at different place. Immense need to cater the requirement is encountered by a survey. While this is a generic advice for all the countries and not specific for some (Minkov and Hofstede, 2012). Therefore a better decision regarding international business, its areas and scope of international business is carried out by the company. For instance, in this case GeekChic company needs to decide the area of expansion. Negotiation and communication While this seems to be a common ground of success when cross cultural communication are applied which transmits messages and the nature of relationship interprets the encoding and decoding field. Communication with customers and stakeholders is very important when international business provides advantages to the stakeholders (Husted and Allen, 2008). A high context communication which is called as implicit communication style is carried out specifically in Japan, so this has to be examined while following the cultural contexts with regards to the message communicated to the general public. Negotiations take place when there is a cope of culture clashes that triggers the other factors such as distractions, deadlines and emotional stressors that overcome in this context with the bargaining table. Negotiations would help GeekChic to reduce certain cultural misunderstanding and help to unfold the dynamic of negotiation. Leadership and cultural intelligence Leadership matters while international business needs growth and development which is possible when there are good leaders who handle the business at a peak point and fly high while using corporate strategies for expansion of the business. There are cultural intelligence which is termed as CQ and are capable of increasing the global environment with an impact of diversity and change in business. While cross borders are the main issues, the impact of intercultural negotiations has been carried out. Companies have their working culture and this is very distinctive, as a person joining a new firm may spend few weeks accepting and deciphering the code and ethics of the company (Das and Kumar, 2010). While in this case, a GeekChic company is trying to expand its business and the manager may face cultural and other differences that may rest well as CQ is high at new places with values, ethics and standards of particular company. Expansion of business is possible when there is acceptance of cultural intelligence and applying the wings for success and growth of a company. A manager travelling to Japan must be aware fo what the CQ is an how to accept the changes that are rendered. There are some challenges that are recognized while international business is carried out by the company. This includes failure because of international standards that are not accepted, cultural differences, less multinational firms in particular country and capital investment which are higher than compared to the domestic trades and vary according to the countrys per capita income (Marieke, 2010). Conclusion An expatriate manager must consider the CQ and should be aware about the cultural differences at Japan. These are importantly considered while forming new business ideas and applying the CAGE framework for international business goes well. CAGE framework includes the Cultural, administrative, geographic and economic environment of a country. So the manager must handle the work pressure that has a high level of CQ. As such, these are important for international trade and its impacts while information technology is accepted with the change in the management while being globalized. References Bisbe, J., and Malagueňo, R. (2012). Using strategic performance measurement systems for strategy formulation: Does it work in dynamic environments? Management Accounting Research, 23, 296 311. Das, T. and Kumar, R., (2010). Interpretive schemes in cross-national alliance, Cross Cultural Management, 17(2), pp. 154-169. Ezike, I., and Amah P. (2011) Macroeconomic Impact of Trade on the Nigerian Growth: Anempirical evaluation. Research Journal of Business Management and Accounting, 1 (4), 079-083. Fried, A. (2010). Performance measurement systems and their relation to strategic learning: A case study in a software-developing organization. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 21, (2), 118133. Husted, B. and Allen, D., (2008), Toward a model of cross-cultural business ethics: the impact of individualism and collectivism on the ethical decision-making process, Journal of Business Ethics, no. 82, pp. 293-305. Hou, Ch. (2012). Examining the effect of user satisfaction on system usage and individual performance with business intelligence systems: An empirical study of Taiwans electronics industry. International Journal of Information Management. 32(6), 560-573. Lendel, V., and Varmus, M. (2011). Identification of the main problems of implementing the innovation strategy in Slovak businesses. Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianae brunensis, 4, 221 234. Minkov, M. and Hofstede, G., (2012). Is national culture meaningful concept? Cultural values delineate homogeneous national clusters of in-country regions, Cross-Cultural Research, 42(2), pp. 133-159 Marieke, M., (2010). Global Advertising and Marketing: Understanding Cultural Paradoxes, 3rd edition, SAGE Publications, 2010, p, 172, Micheli, P., and Mari, L. (2014). The theory and practice of performance measurement. Management Accounting Research, 25, (2), 147156. Micheli, P., and Manzoni, J. (2010). Strategic Performance Measurement: Benefits, Limitations and Paradoxes. Long Range Planning, 43(4), 465 476. Tutunea, M., and Rus, R. (2012). Business intelligence solutions for SMEs. Procedia Economics and Finance. 3, 865-870. Varela, O., Salgado, E. and Lasio, M., (2010). Q e meaning of the job performance in collectivistic and high power distance culture. Evidence from three Latin American countries, Cross Cultural Management, 17(4), pp. 407-426. Wild, J.J., Wild, K.L., Han, J.C.Y. (2008). International business: the challenges of globalization, Pearson Prentice Hall, USA

Stolen Generation free essay sample

Stolen Generation. The Stolen Generations is known as one of the darkest chapters of Australia’s history. The term â€Å"Stolen generations† is used for Aboriginal people who were forcefully taken away from their families between the 1890s to 1970s, in many cases never to see their parents again. Children as young as babies were stolen and placed in boy and girl missionaries. Scarred for life by their experiences at the age of 18 the children were ‘released’ into white society. â€Å"I feel our childhood has been taken away from us and it has left a big hole in our lives† quotes Jennifer, personal story in the ‘Bringing them Home’ Report. In the removal of aboriginal children, white people stole their future. Knowledge, tradition, language, dances and spirituality could only remain if passed onto their children. The white people broke their tradition of life and hoped to end Aborignal culture within a short period of time to end ‘the Aboriginal problem’. We will write a custom essay sample on Stolen Generation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The Stolen genereation began because the White Australians wanted the aboriginal people to die out. They believed within 3 genrations the Aboriginal genes would have ‘bred out’ when Aboriginal people had children with white people. Another reason for children being taken away was that authorites thoughtAboriginal parents would neglect their children. However there is evidence that malnutrition and starving children were caused by Aboriginal people not receiving their full wages they were owed. Aunty Rhond Collard a member of the stolen generations quotes â€Å"I grew up feeling alone, a black girl in a white world, I represented them for trying to make me white but they couldn’t wash away thousands of years of dreaming†. The Stolen children were raised on missions by white foster parents. They were completely cut off from the world and life they only knew. They were severally punished when caught talking Aboriginal language. Some Aboriginal children were taught their traditional language and received little education. The girls were trained to domestic servants, while the boys to be in the work force. Many of the stolen girls and boys were physically and sexually abused. â€Å"I am black and I am white. We were the product of white men raping our tradional women†, quoted by Zita Wollace, taken at age 8. Infamous instituations include: * Bomaderry Childrens Home * Cootamundra Aboriginal Girls Home * Kinchela Aboriginal Boys Home The numbers of the stolen children can only be roughly estimated. An estimated 100000 children were taken from their familes over a 60 year span from 1910 to 1970. Many significant events have taken place since the 1970s to resolve the conflict and mend the broken hearts of the Aboriginal people. * Bringing them Home Report *