Tourettes Syndrome in Children

Tourette's syndrome, also called Tourette's disorder is named after the neurologist, Gilles de la Tourette. Sometimes it is referred to as GTS but more often it is simply called Tourette's or ‘TS’. It is an inherited neurological disorder marked by movement-based (motor) tics which are abrupt, repetitive, stereotyped, non-rhythmic movements, as well as vocal (verbal or phonic) tics which are involuntary sounds produced by moving air through the nose, mouth, or throat. Tourette's is defined as part of a spectrum of tic disorders, which includes transient and chronic tics.This disorder may appear in multiple family members, and often appears (co-morbid) with other behavioral disorders, in particular – â€Å"obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)† (Hawley 2008). People with this disorder have normal life expectancy and intelligence, but symptoms can lead to decrease in normal activities (Walkup, Mink & Hollenbec k 2006). Tourette’s syndrome, as described in the psychiatric diagnostic tool DSM-IV-TR criteria is â€Å"associated with distress or social or functional impairment† (Hawley 2008). Onset and Diagnosis.The most common first sign to alert people to visit the doctor for a possible presence of Tourette’s is a facial tic such as â€Å"rapidly blinking eyes or twitches of the mouth† (NTSA 2009). Unintended, involuntary sounds such as throat clearing, shrugging or tics of the limbs may be initial signs but in certain case, although rare, the symptoms become abruptly with multiple symptoms of movements and sounds. Chronic tic disorder is diagnosed with the presence of single or multiple tics, and the presence of motor or phonic tics (but not both) which is present for a year or more.On the other hand, Tourette's which falls under the category of above is diagnosed when there are multiple motor tics occurring at the same time with one phonic tic and is manifested for more than a year. As a general rule, simple motor tics like blinking are first noticed on the child at around 5-10 years old, while vocal tics start manifesting after 8 years old but before the child is 15 years old. Symptoms of the disorder can be seen in infancy but this is a rarity. As a rule, the symptoms may come and go and children show identifiable signs at round 7 years old (Hawley 2008), and before 18-21years old (Black 2007).Studies found the most onset was between 9-14 years of age (Leckman 2003, Black 2007). Another study showed that tics started below 18 years, but 5 relatives had an onset after the age of 21 years. Affected persons will â€Å"blink, jerk, grunt, clear their throats, swing their arms, grasp or clasp others, have obsessive-compulsive behaviors or use verbal expletives (coprolalia) uncontrollably† (Tabers 2001, 2207). In some cases, people suffering from Tourette’s can control the verbal expletives in public but they will express it vig orously once they are in private.Coprolalia, â€Å"the uncontrollable utterance of socially objectionable or taboo words or phrases† is the most popular symptom of Tourette's but it is not required for a diagnosis hence about 90% of patients afflicted with it only Tourette's does not have coprolalia. The most common, initially noticed motor tic is eye blinking and the vocal tic is repetitive throat clearing (Black 2007). The disorder often persists throughout the individual’s lifespan but severity peaks in adolescence and thereafter decreases to a point that it is almost not bothersome to the person.This average though can be very misleading because some form of fluctuation or recurrence have been documented although it is not severe. There have also been rare cases that reported a recurrence of tics that is bothersome enough to seek medical attention, and have had to maintain lifelong treatment due to progressively worsening of tic activity (Black 2007). Prevalence. T ourette's syndrome used to be known as a rare condition but it is now contended by doctors and psychologists that it may be more common but misdiagnosed because some cases are so mild that patients and their families discard it as being an oddity rather than Tourette’s.Most children with TS have mild, barely bothersome, non-disabling symptoms, and it is difficult to distinguish the signs of the disorder as opposed to a child acting out such as Mimicking others, blinking being viewed as tormenting someone who may have done so because they wear glasses, or by doing things that others would view as the child just trying to get attention, therefore, medical attention is not a thought to the parents of the child who is doing these things.In some patients the tics improve and disappear as they grow older; hence, they never seek medical attention. The estimated prevalence is 0. 7-4. 2% (Hawley 2008) based on children checked in public schools. Tourette’s is known to be famili al and its prevalence rate in first-degree relatives is 5-15% (about 10 times the prevalence rate in the general population). Chronic motor tics occurring, without vocal tics has also been documented as being common in relatives (Black 2007).In special education programs, 26% of students identified tics, as compared to 6% of students in mainstream classrooms led to identification of co-morbidity with having symptoms of TS included ADHD and OCD (Hawley 2008), impulse control disorders, anxiety and mood disorders, as well as difficulties with living and adaptation (Walkup, Mink & Hollenbeck 2006). It is estimated that 1 in 10 children per 1,000 have Tourette’s disorder, and as many as 1 per 100 people may have tic disorders.In children, male to female ratio varies from 2-10:1 (Hawley 2008), boys have an increased prevalence for chronic tics compared to girls in exhibiting 5:1 ratio, although some studies show between 2:1 and 10:1 ratios (Black 2007). If OCD data is included as a variant of Tourette’s, their quantities added to the total, the ratio between boys and girls become equal (Hawley 2008). Causes. Environmental factors may contribute to the cause but up to now exact causes of the disorder is still are not known.The clinical phenomenon are very similar across social classes, ethnicity and culture which suggests a genetic basis and the disorder has been reported globally (Hawley 2008). As children pass through adolescence, the tics decrease in severity and it is extremely rare for Tourette's to persist in adulthood. Whether the resolution is a compensation of the neuro system or a resolution of the underlying pathology is unclear (Hawley 2008).Adults who show signs of the disorder are likely to have shown symptoms since childhood, although these may have been so mild that they were generally unnoticed and undiagnosed. In the US though, most diagnosed patients being examined at research centers and affiliated with lay organizations are white. But this does not necessarily mean that Caucasians have a predisposition, it may merely be due to differences healthcare-seeking behaviors. A non-genetic cause may also exist and is still under research and investigation.Additional evidence is being gathered regarding the differences in severity between affected twins with the twin having experienced peri-natal complications experiencing increased symptom severity (Hyde 1992, Black 2007). Also garnering much attention is the theory that Tourette’s syndrome may be caused by an abnormal immune response to streptococcal infection. In several documented cases, tics began suddenly after a streptococcal infection. As a result of this the case definition for a â€Å"post-streptococcal autoimmune neuro-psychiatric disorders† came into being (Snider 2003, Black 2007).The difference between other movement disorders such as choreas, dystonias, and dyskinesias and that of Tourette's – these are â€Å"temporarily suppressib le, non-rhythmic and more often than not are preceded by a premonitory urge† (Black 2007). Just before an onset, an afflicted individual feels an urge that is similar to one felt before a sneeze or an itch that needs scratching. This is often pictured as a buildup of tension and energy which they are then able to consciously release so the sensation is relieved.It is further described as â€Å"something stuck in one's throat, a localized discomfort in the shoulders that leads to the need to clear one's throat or shrug the shoulders† (Hawley 2008). The actual tic is eventually felt as relieving this tension or sensation, similar to clearing the throat or shrugging the shoulder. This is how â€Å"premonitory sensory phenomena† or premonitory urges are described by sufferers. Medication and Treatment. Often, medication is unnecessary and a safe and effective medication for each and every case of tic is yet to be introduced.There have been medications as well as ther apies that help to reduce certain types of tics, but not cure it. In general, the medical management of Tourette’s is the treatment of coexisting behavior symptoms, change in diet, patient and family education. The patient and family are educated regarding how to effectively handle the manifestations of the disorder, and if an effective adaptation is made, they can avoid the use of medications. Medication is only considered when there is substantial interference with social and academic performance, as well as activities of daily living.The target is not for completely eliminating the symptoms but merely to alleviate the social embarrassment and discomfort so as to improve the social and academics life of the child. Various pharmacological agents are used to reduce the symptoms’ severity but it only treats the symptom and often the medications are have neurological effects whereas it has been argued that the disorder is a neurobiological condition. No curative or preve ntive treatments are atill available for this neurobiological or even biological aspect.There is a growing movement to go against medications because this being a chronic disorder, the goal should be long-term benefit rather than quick improvement at any cost. Families are also getting increasingly worried that the medications might have a detrimental effect in their children, that perhaps in the end, it ‘damages’ them rather than helping. It has been Resources for the child and families are available in several way which include educating students and school personnel regarding the nature the syndrome as well as improving the school environment will help the patient to avoid pharmacotherapy.Parents and families members of a child who has TS can turn to agencies such as the National Tourettes Association, counseling with the doctor’s, videos, and self help books. Reference List Black, Kevin J.. , Webb, Heather. Neurology: Pediatric Neurology: Tourette Syndrome an d Other Tic Disorders. Mar 30, 2007. Available from eMedicine Specialties at http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/1182258-overview Hawley, Jason S. , Darnall, Carl R. , Gray, Sharette K. Pediatrics: Developmental and Behavioral – Tourette Syndrome. 23 June 2008.Available from eMedicine Specialties at http://emedicine. medscape. com/article/289457-overview. National Tourette Syndrome Association, Inc. Tourette Syndrome: Frequently Asked Questions Website http://www. tsa-usa. org. Available at http://www. tsa-usa. org/Medical/Faqs. html. 2009. Taber’s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary. Tourette’s Syndrome. (pp. 2207-2208). Philadephia, PA. F. A. Davis Company. 2001. Walkup, John T. , Mink, Jonathan W. , Hollenbeck, Peter J. Edition: Tourette Syndrome. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 2006.

The Consumption of Alcohol by Aboriginal People Is an Important Social Issue in Modern Australia, and as Such This Essay Will Focus on Exploring It in Relation to Current Literature

Course: Bachelor of Applied Social Science ASSESSMENT DETAILS Unit/Module: Introduction to Contemporary Society Assessment Name: Academic Essay Assessment Number: 1 Term & Year: Term 2, 2011 Word Count: 530 DECLARATION I declare that this assessment is my own work, based on my own personal research/study . I also declare that this assessment, nor parts of it, has not been previously submitted for any other unit/module or course, and that I have not copied in part or whole or otherwise plagiarised the work of another student and/or persons. I have read the ACAP Student Plagiarism and Academic Misconduct Policy and understand its implications. I also declare, if this is a practical skills assessment, that a Client/Interviewee Consent Form has been read and signed by both parties, and where applicable parental consent has been obtained. The consumption of Alcohol by Aboriginal people is an important social issue in modern Australia, and as such this essay will focus on exploring it in relation to current literature. Marxist argues that the health status of individuals exist because of inequalities in society and the broader influences of society need to be addressed (van Krieken et al. , 2006). Environmental factors in the human environment are known as the social determinants of health and could include education, health behaviours, employment, social integration, socioeconomic and income. (Health and Ageing, 2009). According to Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), Aboriginals are more disadvantaged compared to non-Indigenous people and socioeconomic factors have been taken into consideration to identify the relationship between alcohol and drug use . Even thou there have been improvements made to a variety of social determinants, statistics still show that Aboriginals have more obstacles to overcome than the non-Indigenous Australians. (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2009). To have a better understanding of the alcohol use among Aboriginals, the historical context needs to be taken into account (van Krieken et al. , 2006). The Aboriginals were exposed to alcohol, preceding the ‘First Fleet’ in 1788 where it’s availability increased remarkably after European contact. After the settlers had introduced alcohol as an exchange for sex and labour it soon became obvious that alcohol had a negative effect (Saggers and Gray, 1998). Aboriginals used alcohol as a ‘remedy-all’ for their pain and many of them used it as an agent to cope with the fact that they were being ruled by non-indigenous people. In the late 19th century laws were brought about to restrict Aboriginals from accessing alcohol. The laws did little to reduce the alcohol consumption but instead excluded Aboriginals from important social activities (Saggers and Gray, 1998). Martin and Brady (2004) suggest that out of fear of being captured and rejected, Aboriginals developed patterns of harmful drinking which continues to this day and have a major impact on their health – whilst the non-Indigenous Australians profited from the sale (Department of Health and Ageing, 2009) A history of social determinants such as social exclusion, a legal framework supporting the removal of children from families, removal from country and racism have influenced the health status of Aboriginals. It was believed that during the colonisation period, Aboriginals were a dying race and a protection policy was implemented. They lost their independence due to this policy which forced them to give up where they lived and how they lived (van Krieken et al. , 2006). After the World War II, a new policy was introduced where Aboriginals were to become one (assimilated) and recognised as part of the Australian population. This included removal of children from their families – which had a disastrous ramifications on Aboriginals way of life and family (van Krieken et al. 2006). In conclusion, we can see that the influence of social factors have had a big impact on the way Aboriginals consume alcohol. As a result the activities and behaviours of Aboriginals need to be seen in it’s historical context and improvements need to be made for the inadequate living arrangement and social state that is being experience by many Aboriginals. References Australian Bureau of Statistics (2 009) National Aboriginal and Torres Straight Islander social survey, 2008. Retrieved from http://www. abs. gov. au/ausstats/[email  protected] nsf/mf/4714. 0? OpenDocument Martin D, Brady M (2004) Human rights, drinking rights? : alcohol policy and Indigenous Australians. Lancet; 364(9441), 1282-3 Department of Health and Ageing. (2009, April 20). Men’s Health Policy Information Paper Executive Summary. Retrieved from www. health. gov. au/internet/main/publishing. nsf/ Content/mhipExecSum-09-mhipExecSum-09-ch2 van Krieken, R. , Habibis, D. , Smith, P. Hutchins, B. , Martin, G. & Maton, K. (2006). Sociology (3rd Ed. ). Sydney, Australia: Pearson Education Saggers S, Gray D (1998) Dealing with alcohol: Indigenous usage in Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Melbourne: Cambridge University Press ———————– In order to ensure your assessment is correctly identified, the information and declaration below must be copied and pasted on to the title page of each written assessment. You must enter your own details prior to submission.

Management and Society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Management and Society - Assignment Example Undoubtedly, yes. As Croston states, â€Å"The green business revolution is changing how we live and work to strike a balance between living well today and allowing for future generations to live well tomorrow† (2). The essence of this statement is not a mere promise or a false hope, as the technologies, resources and expertise that we command today have progressed beyond traditional and often ill-informed perceptions to live up to the pledge of safeguarding the planet. Expanding on the critical role that technological advancements and ‘green’ innovations can play in transforming plastic bag usage, I am pleased to put forth the contemporary perspectives in plastic biodegradation. These advancements are not only revolutionizing and modernizing our operations at Big Bags but are also transforming the way the plastics industry can address environmental concerns posed by the factors associated with the degradability of plastic products. Research shows that while the most commonly used plastics such as polyethylene are highly durable, biodegradation of plastic waste by means of specific microbial strains has come into view as a practical and feasible solution (Sivan 422). When discussing the adverse impact of plastic bag usage on the environment and the ecosystems, the foremost stance that has emerged is that of either banning or levying taxes on plastic bags. Furthermore, these proposals are attached with recommendations of replacing plastic bags with paper bags, the latter of which are advertised on the basis of their reusability which acts as a unique selling point to attract customers. Unfortunately, paper bags do not provide a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic bags, Marc Gunther at GreenBiz.com notes that the findings of several recent researches and studies have uncovered that plastic bags are more environmentally preferable than paper bags. This view stems from the fact

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Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

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Support to SMEs in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

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Individual Strategic Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

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Overuse of Acronyms in Professional Writing Research Paper

Overuse of Acronyms in Professional Writing - Research Paper Example cronyms which may be seen in scientific literature include ACE for Angiostensin Coverting Enzyme, BUN for Blood Urea Nitrogen, and CAT for Computerized Axial Tomography. On the other hand, intialisms like ACTH for Adreno-CorticoTrophic Hormone, PTST for Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome, and RT-CR for Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction are also frequently used in the same field. Acronyms are used in the highly technical world for the following purposes: However, acronyms may be overused in scientific writing to the point that the advantages are overshadowed by confusion (Ibrahim 27). This paper will examine the extent by which acronyms are being used in the scientific field with recommendations to prevent the overuse of acronyms in scientific writing Two studies were conducted to investigate the extent to which acronyms are overused in scientific literature: one by researchers Hong Yu, George Hripcsack, and Carol Friedman at Columbia University, and another by Dr. Everett Shocket, from the University of South Florida and the Bay Pines VA Medical Center. Using a computer program they developed, Yu, Hripcsack, and Friedman mapped acronyms in scientific journals to their respective long forms. Results revealed that only 25% of acronyms were defined in scientific articles. The remaining 75% of undefined acronyms were mapped to one of four online acronym databases. The study found that the acronyms had different meanings in each database (Yu, Hripesack, and Friedman 262). An acronym which stands for various meanings in the same field of expertise is a clear indication of irresponsible use and overuse of acronyms even in scholarly works. Findings of the study suggest that concerns about the prevalence of the overuse of acronyms are founded. The fact that an automated intervention to help readers match an acronym in a scientific journal to its correct long form had not been very successful implies the gravity of the problem on the overuse of

Customer Strategy Development Project Research Paper

Customer Strategy Development Project - Research Paper Example According to FedEx Company Management, International Corporations are the most profitable customer groups. The group consists of international companies who purchase products from different countries to the destination industries. FedEx provides excellent transportation services for such products. Most international corporation customers are modern companies between ages less than 30 years old. Moreover, the international corporations have an extremely high-income level ranging from &50 billion Per Annum. The purchasing habit of this group is recommendable because they make massive purchases for their raw materials that require efficient transportation to the designated areas (FedEx Corporation, 2013). E-Commerce Companies forms the next group of companies served by FedEx. FedEx Company offers various services to E-Commerce companies such as mail delivery, goods transportation both locally and internationally. E-Commerce companies are of any age, and the income levels range between $ 20 billion to $30 billion per Annum. FedEx Company customer profile also caters to individual customers. Most people prefer sending emails, parcels, and other vital information via courier companies. FedEx offers services to individual adult customers over 18 years of age. In addition, individual customers can be of any sex and the income levels have less significant provided the person meets the charge requirements. The most targeted customers under the international corporations' segment include Computer and technology industries like Apple, Google, Max, and Sony. On the other hand, FedEx targets most E-Commerce companies and the rapidly growing small businesses all over the world because they offer excellent business to the company. FedEx has entered into the collaboration with OfficeMax to place its self-service drop boxes in all OfficeMax stores across the nation.

Christopher Columbus Case Essay Example for Free

Christopher Columbus Case Essay Christopher Columbus is one of the most well-known explorers in history. Christopher Columbus had many voyages that he had done throughout the years. There was several letters that he had written, one regarding his first voyage was to Luis de Santangel that explained what he had found, and the way he felt during his voyage. Another was his fourth voyage to Ferdinand and Isabella, in which he shows sorrow and regret for his discoveries. In the letters that Christopher Columbus had written his tones were very distinct and different. It is hard to think that it is even the same person wrote the two letters. Columbus made a complete change from arrogant to humble in his attitude. The letter that Christopher Columbus had written to Luis de Santangel was regarding his first voyage and his tone in this letter can be described as very eager, passionate, and anxious for his upcoming voyages. When reading the first letter you can tell that he is excited just by the way he describes the way the island looks. He goes in great length about the marvels of the new lands he encounters. He explains them as he is a child experiencing something new for the first time. All are most beautiful, of a thousand shapes, and all are accessible and filled with trees of a thousand kinds and tall, and they seem to touch the sky and Espanola is a marvel. Christopher Columbus radiates his excitement through his letter to Luis de Santangel. Christopher Columbus almost feels as he truly has the whole world at his finger tips, and awaits more. In His letter Regarding the Fourth Voyage that was to Ferdinand and Isabella you see a much different demeanor about him. Very pessimistic and down attitude surrounds his writing. He speaks of weeping when he thinks about the lands that he has found, due to the fact that they are pretty much barren. He goes on by saying people are dying them daily because of the audacity that people have there, imprisoning people, and taking their lands. He goes on deeper by explaining how he has grown old and grey. Not a hair on his body that isnt gray. He states how everyone is trying to explore and plunder without any knowledge of exploration or any heart for the matter, just trying to get a piece of the action. I think he feels somewhat betrayed, and asks mutual punishment for Alonso de Ojeda, who is the man that took almost everything he had. â€Å"The same punishment is due to him who robbed me of the pearls, and to him who infringed my rights as admiral†. Christopher Columbus is one of the most well-known explorers of all time. Columbus life was a voyage in itself. While he rose to fame as an outstanding explorer, he also had terrible lows in his life. During his voyages, Columbus wrote letters documenting his experience. His tone and diction in Letter to Luis de Santangel Regarding the First Voyage is upbeat and hopeful, while his tone in the Letter to Ferdinand and Isabella Regarding the Fourth Voyage is full of sadness. His series of four voyages between 1492 and 1504 produced a brief moment of wonder following by a longs series of disasters and disappointments, which reflect his attitudes at these different times in his life.

Origins of Psychology Essay Example for Free

Origins of Psychology Essay This theory was developed by Sigmund Freud in the early 1900’s and paved the way for modern psychology in the early 1900’s. This theory deals with the deep, inner and mysterious core of the human psyche, in search of understanding the psychology of the human being. It is also closely connected with evolutionary perspectives on personality. Behaviorist : The primary focus of the behavioral perspective is on behavior and the influence of the external environment in shaping of the individual’s behavior. Teaching, therefore, refers to the environmental conditions that are arranged and presented to students. Some of the key behaviorist theorists in the field of psychology are viz. , John Watson, B. F. Skinner, and E. L. Thorndike. Teachers who draw from behaviorist theory tend towards active learning (or learning by doing). The teacher determines all of the skills needed to achieve the desired behavior and students learn them in a step-by-step manner. Humanist : The focus of the humanistic perspective is on the self, which translates into YOU, and your perception of your experiences. This veiw argues that you are free to choose your own behavior, rather than reacting to environmental stimuli and reinforcers. Issues dealing with self-esteem, self-fulfillment, and needs are paramount. The major focus is to facilitate personal development. Two major theorists associated with this view are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Cognitive : The school of psychology that examines internal mental processes, such as creativity, perception, thinking, problem solving, memory, and language. Cognitive psychologists are interested in how a person understands, diagnoses, and solves a problem, concerning themselves with the mental processes that mediate between stimulus and response (Garvey,1999) Neuro-scientific / Bio-psychological : The neuro-scientific framework seeks to relate behavior and mind to the brain. The important overall point of a neuro-scientific perspective is that analyses of normal or abnormal function need to be informed by an understanding of the brain structures and processes that implement the function. Psychiatrists need to monitor emerging work that highlights the need for both a neuro-scientific and medical perspective in the management of complex disorders. Evolutionary : Evolutionary psychology is the science that seeks to explain through universal mechanisms of behavior why humans act the way they do. Evolutionary psychology seeks to reconstruct problems that our ancestors faced in their primitive environments, and the problem-solving mechanisms they created to meet those particular challenges. From these reconstructed problem-solving adaptations, the science then attempts to establish the common roots of our ancestral behavior, and how those common behavioral roots are manifested today in the widely scattered cultures of the planet. The goal is to understand human behavior that is universally aimed at the passing of ones genes into the next generation. Socio-cultural : The social-cultural perspective concentrates on the culture of a group of individuals or society as a whole rather than the individual. To understand why people tend to show certain behavior traits, mental health clinicians look at what affects the community as a group of individuals might have on their own thought processes. Some of the questions pondered are if a person behaves a certain way to be accepted or commits an act because it is accepted amongst their society.

The School For Scandal by Richard Brinsley Sheridan

The School For Scandal by Richard Brinsley Sheridan The aim of satiric comedy was to subvert the social structures, according to the Glossary, satiric comedy ridicules political policies or philosophical doctrines, or else attacks deviations from the social order by making ridiculous the violators of its standards of morals or manners (Abrams 39). Thus the first aim of satire in general is to deconstruct the social and political constructions; this was practiced by Aristophanes, and in the Renaissance by Ben Jonson. The comedy of manners originated by Menander, paved the way for Restoration comedy which was ripened by the French dramatist Moliere. After the popularity of Restoration comedy in England in eighteenth century, the sentimental comedy started to dominate the stage as a reaction against what was supposed as immorality of Restoration comedy, but still two major dramatists continued writing in Restoration comedies: Oliver Goldsmiths She Stoops to Conquer and his contemporary Richard Brinsley Sheridans The School for Scandal. A mong the two, Sheridans play satirizes not only the upper-class social structure but also the contents of sentimental drama itself. The play shows a dichotomy of good and bad in eighteenth century society and that how the sentimental codes of behavior has limited the good/evil binary into a flat pretension: this dichotomy is depicted as the Surface brothers: as their names suggest they are judged only according to their exterior and surface behavior: in the first scene Miss Verjuice describes the two brothers, Joseph and Charles Surface, this way: here are two young mento whom Sir Peter has acted as a kind of Guardian since their Fathers death, the eldest possessing the most amiable Character and universally well spoken of, the youngest the most dissipated and extravagant young Fellow in the Kingdom, without Friends or character (I:i) through the next lines it is revealed that the elder brother, Joseph, who has apparently the most amiable Character has conspired a plot with lady Sneerwell to come between the love relationship of Charles and Maria (Sir Peters ward) so that Joseph can marry Maria and Lady Sneerwll, a widow, can possess the young Charles who is now bankrupt. Lady Sneerwell explains about Joseph: His real attachment is to Maria or her Fortune/but finding in his Brother a favoured Rival, He has been obliged/to mask his Pretensionsand profit by my Assistance. And then confesses her desire for Charles: must I confess that Charlesthat Libertine, that extravagant, that Bankrupt in Fortune and Reputationthat He it is for whom I am thus anxious and malicious and to gain whom I would sacrifice-everything (I:i) From these confessions the reader knows that Joseph who is universally well spoken of is a fraud, but since he is a good pretender and knows what the society demands to act as an honorable man, so he is seen by everybody even those who know he is pretending as a man of sentiment. LADY SNEERWELL. I have found out him a long time since, altho He has contrived to deceive everybody besideI know him to be artful selfish and malicious while with Sir Peter, and indeed with all his acquaintance, He passes for a youthful Miracle of Prudencegood sense and Benevolence. VERJUICE. Yes yesI know Sir Peter vows He has not his equal in England; and, above all, He praises him as a MAN OF SENTIMENT. LADY SNEERWELL. True and with the assistance of his sentiments and hypocrisy he has brought Sir Peter entirely in his interests with respect to Maria and is now I believe attempting to flatter Lady Teazle into the same good opinion towards himwhile poor Charles has no Friend in the Housethough I fear he has a powerful one in Marias Heart, against whom we must direct our schemes. In the next scene, Rowley informs Sir Peter that Sir Oliver has arrived from the West Indies and is in the town; Sir Oliver, the brothers uncle wants to choose his hair, thus he is to come and visit his nephews whom has not seen him since childhood and thus cannot recognize him by appearance. From their discussion it is clear that it is only Rowley that sees through the two gentlemen: ROWLEY. You know Sir Peter I have always taken the Liberty to differ with you on the subject of these two young GentlemenI only wish you may not be deceived in your opinion of the elder. For Charles, my life ont! He will retrieve his errors yettheir worthy Father, once my honourd master, was at his years nearly as wild a spark. (I:ii) But even Sir Peter cannot deny the importance of the codes of sentiment for a young man Joseph is indeed a model for the young men of the AgeHe is a man of Sentimentand acts up to the Sentiments he professesbut for the other, take my word fort if he had any grain of Virtue by descenthe has dissipated it with the rest of his inheritance. (I:ii) Changing appearances once again enables the characters: this time Sir Oliver, who has decided to put his nephews on a trial, is set to meet Charles as Premium, a broker. When they meet, Charles proposes selling his ancestors portraits to the broker for gaining money; this makes Sir Oliver furious, but Charles denial of selling Sir Olivers own portrait even for eight hundred pounds; under the mask of a broker, Sir Oliver understands the kind nature of his nephew: CHARLES. No, hang it! Ill not part with poor Noll. The old fellow has been very good to me, and, egad, Ill keep his picture while Ive a room to put it in. SIR OLIVER. [Aside.] The rogues my nephew after all! Contrary to the supposed social values of an honorable man in eighteenth century, here Sheridan lets the audience have faith on a lax man who contrary to a man of sentiment, loves wine and women and puts his ancestors on an auction for money. He shifts the binaries of good/evil, moral/immoral, gentleman/rogue by giving attributes of one to the other and vice versa. Just as appearances can be useful for pretenders such as Joseph, Sheridan makes a comic scene in unveiling of appearances in the famous library scene in act 4 scene three; Joseph who secretly woos Sir Peters young wife, Lady Teazle, hides her behind a screen when Sir Peter enters unexpectedly, telling Joseph that he thinks his wife has an affair with Charles, the next visitor is Charles himself, Sir Peter also hides in the closet to hear his reaction to what he is accused of. Sir Peter comes out of the closet when he understands that Charles is innocent and when Joseph goes out, tells Charles that Joseph has a girl, a French Milliner, with himself who is now in this room; Charles gets curious to see her and unveils the screen: to their astonishment it is Lady Teazle standing there. Charles asks each of them to explain the situation: CHARLES. Sir PeterThis is one of the smartest French Milliners I ever saw!Egad, you seem all to have been diverting yourselves here at Hide and Seekand I dont see who is out of the Secret! Shall I beg your Ladyship to inform me!Not a word!Brother! will you please to explain this matter? What! is Honesty Dumb too? Sir Peter, though I found you in the Darkperhaps you are not so nowall mute! Well tho I can make nothing of the Affair, I make no doubt but you perfectly understand one anotherso Ill leave you to yourselves.[Going.] Brother Im sorry to find you have given that worthy man grounds for so much uneasiness!Sir Petertheres nothing in the world so noble as a man of Sentiment!-(IV:iii) Charles comparison of the situation to a game (hide and seek) is a subversive look at the upper-class society of the time; suggesting the fact that all these people of sentiment all playing roles in the game, and that when being found out by others they lose the game since their supposed nobility is gone. They are decent, righteous fellows as long as they are hidden, and when they are found the game is over and simultaneously their dignity is over. This is the deconstructive view of a supposed noble society and this is what Sheridan predicts for pretenders of his time. The irony found in Charles witty comment to Sir Peter: theres/nothing in the world so noble as a man of Sentiment! hints the audience as well as Sir Peter and people who thinks like him, that the statement is a void pretension, just a tool for villains to act out as a nobility. The main center of the structure of social ethics and principles which is sentiment is totally decentered and deconstructed when Sir Oliver encounters this time Joseph: But now I am no more/a Broker, and you shall introduce me to the elder Brother/as Stanley. Once again borrowing another identity, (of Stanley a poor relative of the brothers mothers), Sir Oliver is to test Joseph, who unaware of the true identity of his companion, does not act his sentiments and declares that his uncle Oliver has done nothing for him: SURFACE. My dear Siryou are strangely misinformedSir Oliver is a worthy Man, a worthy mana very worthy sort of Manbut avarice Mr. Stanley is the vice of ageI will tell you my good Sir in confidence:what he has done for me has been a merenothing; tho People I know have thought otherwise and for my Part I never chose to contradict the Report. SIR OLIVER. What!has he never transmittedyouBullionRupees Pagodas! SURFACE. O Dear SirNothing of the kindnonoa few Presents now and thenchina, shawls, congo Tea, Avadavatsand indian Crackerslittle more, believe me. SIR OLIVER. Heres Gratitude for twelve thousand pounds! Avadavats and indian Crackers. (V:i) Joseph even refuses giving money to the supposed Mr. Stanley who has come for borrowing money and instead flatters himself for what he has done for that unfortunate young man and accuses Charles of being extravagant. Later Sir Oliver and Rowley, knowing what Joseph has done to Sir Peter tease his ideas of sentiment. SIR OLIVER. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦I come only to tell you, that I have seen both my Nephews in the manner we proposed. SIR PETER. A Precious Couple they are! ROWLEY. Yes and Sir Oliveris convinced that your judgment was right Sir Peter. SIR OLIVER. Yes I find Joseph is Indeed the Man after all. ROWLEY. Aye as Sir Peter says, Hes a man of Sentiment. SIR OLIVER. And acts up to the Sentiments he professes. ROWLEY. It certainly is Edification to hear him talk. SIR OLIVER. Oh, Hes a model for the young men of the age! But hows this, Sir Peter? you dont Join us in your Friend Josephs Praise as I expected. SIR PETER. Sir Oliver, we live in a damned wicked world, and the fewer we praise the better. (V:ii) The supposed binaries of good/evil that are now broken and it is not easily appropriate to call one as good and the other as bad explains how the transcendental signified of sentiment was decenterd by Sheridan at the time. As Jacque Derrida proposed the binaries can be meaningful in a relation of difference that is we know red is red because it is different from blue. In this drama, Sheridan pictures that the difference between good and evil, honest and dishonest, moral and immoral has turned into a deceptive play of appearances. For eighteenth century people, a person was good, because he did not gamble, drink, and did not court women. At the same time a person is evil since he did not behave morally and according to the defined sentiments. Sheridan wishes to change the attitude of the audience; to suggest that the criterion of difference for judging between good and evil is not right. Joseph is depicted as the epitome of the societys hypocrisy, he is known by his friends who act in the same way LADY SNEERWELL. O Lud you are going to be moral, and forget that you are among Friends. SURFACE. Egad, thats trueIll keep that sentiment till I see Sir Peter. It seems that being hypocritical is the fashion of the era and if one does not follow this fashion he is ruined as Charles was going to be ruined before his uncles arrival. The set of persons whose major task is to talk behind people and ruin characters create this school for scandal whose president as Sir Peter declares is Lady Sneerwell. Sir Peters astonishment implies how dangerous the result of their assembly could be: SIR PETER. Mercy on mehere is the whole set! a characters dead at every word, I suppose. (II:ii) Mrs. Candour, Benjamin Backbite and Crabtree assist her in this joyful business; they have time to include everybody in their malevolent conversations; as Mrs. Candour says the world/is so censorious no character escapes. They know that Charles is no man of pretending, and because of this they call him a miserable scandal in comparison to his brother. As Derrida studies the binaries, he claims that each binary opposition is a hierarchy, because always one term in the pair is privileged or considered superior to the other (Tyson 254). Hence, if one finds the binary oppositions in a culture and at the same time identifies the privileged one in the pair, one can discover something about the ideology of that culture. In this case in the binary of good/evil, the privileged is good, but the problem is that, good and evil are arbitrary concepts. What the eighteenth century upper-class society understood as good were just a set of sentiments that were practiced through appearances. And what they recognized as evil, were again a set of behaviors that were announced universally as evil by the ideological apparatuses. What Sheridan does in his play, is to challenge the mind of the audience to rethink about the structure of these pre-established binaries and their ideological hierarchies hidden behind them and to try to deconstruct these structures in every individuals comprehension. Drinking and flirting women and borrowing money from usurers cannot be an appropriate criterion for judging people as evil and immoral while good sticking to the fashionable norms of behavior of the time and the moral sentiments cannot be a correct measure for estimating a character as good. He also compares the situation of a so-called good person to an actor who plays games and acts out roles by changing appearances and thus is a deceiver and a pretender. This is the great deconstruction of social ideologies perfectly done by Restoration comedies such as The School for Scandal.

Analysis of the Play Beauty and the Beast Essay -- Musicals Plays Beau

Analysis of the Play Beauty and the Beast Beauty and the Beast was an amazing musical, many say it was much better than the movie. Just like the movie. It starts off in a faraway land, with the Young Prince who lived in a shining castled. The prince was spoiled, selfish and unkind. An old beggar woman came to the castle and offered him a single rose in return for shelter from the bitter cold. Repulsed by her haggard appearance, the Prince sneered at the gift and turned the old woman away. The old woman warned him not to be deceived by appearances, for beauty is to be found within. And when he sent her away again, the old woman's ugliness melted away to reveal a beautiful enchantress. The Prince tried to apologise, but it was too late. As punishment, she transformed him into a hideous beast and placed a powerful spell on the castle and all who lived there. The Rose she had offered was truly an enchanted rose. If he could learn to love another and earn their love in return before the last petal fell, the spell would be br oken. If not, he would be doomed to remain a Beast for all time. In a little town, a young girl by the name of belle arrives. The Towns people despite their admiration for Belle's beauties think of Belle as odd and peculiar because of her favourite thing to do is to read. Gaston, a handsome, skilful hunter who has fallen in love with Belle. Gaston is obsessed with belle marrying him and will not give up. Meanwhile, Belle slips away and goes home to...

McCarthyism: The Modern American Witchhunt :: Essays Papers

McCarthyism: The Modern American Witchhunt "Have you no sense of decency sir, at long last? Have you left no sense of decency?" -Joseph Welch, lawyer for the Secretary of the Army Introduction By the time Republican Senator Joseph R. McCarthy gave his first speech in which he accused 205 members of President Harry Truman's democratic government of being communist on Feb. 9, 1950 there was already a lingering anti-Communist attitude in the United States. Which is why his speech, given in West Virginia, far from Washington DC, and from his home state of Wisconsin, made such an impact. Most of what he said has been forgotten, the speech was never recorded, but what he started with that speech would win him and his actions a place in American history. McCarthyism: a word synonymous with lying, government cover-ups and abuse, and the private war of one man against what he saw as a threat to the American way of life. Countless lives would be ruined by his crusade. , those of government officials and private citizens alike. When it was all over McCarthy's vehemence would bring his own downfall. MaCarthy and his followers caused panic and fear of communism in those who were ordinary citizens. For those who were targeted and accused, however, McCarthy and his followers did much more. How it was done Governmental structures, local and federal, set up various un- American activites committees. These committees were set up solely to find and prosecute communists, or suspected communists. They drew the attention of the American public in every city that they were, furthering the panic of the "red scare." They set up inquisitions to take care of their targets. Loyalty review boards were set up by President Truman in 1947, and were used quite frequently in the 1950's. Nearly all public employees were forced through these boards, although most went through swiftly without trouble. These boards were not able to imprison people, but they were able to take their jobs from them. Private industries were often more harsh on their employees suspected of being communist. To avoid public embarrassment that could be detrimental in the ultra- patriotic 1950's they would often hire people who were ultra-patriotic to weed out the communist, or suspected communists in their corporations.

The Beginnings of a National Literary Tradition Essay -- Canadian Hist

The Beginnings of a National Literary Tradition   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Canadians throughout their history have been concerned over the status of their national literature. One of the major problems facing early Canadian writers was that the language and poetic conventions that they had inherited from the Old World were inadequate for the new scenery and conditions in which they now found themselves. Writers such as Susanna Moodie, Samuel Hearne, and Oliver Goldsmith were what I would consider "Immigrant" authors. Even though they were writing in Canada about Canada their style and their audiences were primarily England and Europe. These authors wrote from an Old World perspective and therefore were not truly Canadian authors. It took a group of homespun young writers in the later part of the 19thCentury to begin to build a genuine "discipline" of Canadian literary thought. This group, affectionately known as ‘ The Confederation Poets', consisted of four main authors: Charles G.D. Roberts, Bliss Carman, Duncan Campbell Scott, and Archibald Lampman. The Poets ofConfederation "established what can legitimately be called the first distinct "school" of Canadian poetry"(17, Keith). The term ‘The Poets of Confederation' is a misnomer since not one of these poets/authors was more than ten years old when the Dominion of Canada was formed in 1867. However, all of these writers were aware of the lack of a distinctive Canadian literary tradition and they made efforts to create one for their successors. While each of these men had their own distinctive writing style they all sought to contribute and create a ‘ national' literature. According to R.E.Rashley in Poetry in Canada: The First Three Steps " there is no Canadian poetry before [The Confederation Poets] time"(98). These men were the first in a long line of authors and artists to conceive of the need for a discernible national literature. The Confederation Poets function was to "explore the new knowledge that they had acquired of themselves that had been created by the interaction of environment and people and the concept of evolutionary growth"(Rashley 98). Archibald Lampman was a key note in the beginnings of a national literary movement. Before Lampman and the other Confederation poets there seemed to be a mere repetition of European ideas in literature in Canada. Even though Lampman was influence... ...oet of Nature. Montreal: Louis Carrier and Co., 1929. Crawford, A.W. "Archibald Lampman". Critical Views on Canadian Writers:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Archibald Lampman. Ed. Michael Gnarowski. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1970. Early, L.R. "Archibald Lampman (1861-1899)". Canadian Writers and their Works   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vol.II. Eds. Lecker, David, & Quigley. Ontario: ECW Press, 1983. Guthrie, Norman Gregor. The Poetry Of Archibald Lampman. Toronto: The Musson Book Co., 1927. Keith, W.J. "Archibald Lampman". Profiles in Canadian Literature Vol.I. Ed. Jeffrey M. Heath. Toronto: Dundurn Press Ltd., 1980. Lampman, Archibald. The Poems of Archibald Lampman. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1974. Marshall, John. "Archibald Lampman". Critical Views on Canadian Writers:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Archibald Lampman. Ed. Michael Gnarowski. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1970. Rashley, R.E. Poetry in Canada: The First Three Steps. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1958. Stouck, David. Major Canadian Authors: A Critical Introduction. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984. Stringer, Arthur. "A Glance at Lampman". Critical Views on Canadian Writers:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Archibald Lampman. Ed. Michael Gnarowski. Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1970.

History book report Essay

It is the circumstances and the characters of the founding â€Å"brothers,† their ideological as well as personal conflicts that created the US as a nation. SUMMARY Here is a presentation of US History—the creation of a new nation that does not attempt to consolidate events into a general account that suggests the inevitability of the Declaration of Independence but examines history in light of a handful of episodes involving central personages, their passions and conflicts that reveal as much of the creation of the nation after the Constitutional Convention. At one end were the Federalists including Washington, Hamilton and Adams who believed that revolution was a necessary step in order to build US nationhood as embodied by the newly established federal government. On the other were the Republicans including Jefferson and Madison who saw revolution in its liberating character, holding the Declaration of Independence as most sacred, in contrast to the Federalists who consider the Constitution most dear. At that time, there was no notion of valid opposition. Both sides thought about the other’s position as treasonable. These are the circumstances that surround the duel between Hamilton and Barr, which led to the former’s death and cost the latter’s political career. These are the circumstances that led to Washington’s non-acceptance of a third term as well as Jefferson’s treacherous vilification of his friend, John Adams. This high level of political tension led to the compromise in 1790 to appease the Southern states, as a result of fear of the states’ secession (despite both parties’ belief that slavery was inconsistent with the principles embodied by the Revolution). In all stages of these events, the characters were aware of that they were in fact, making history. BOOK REVIEWS 1. In Bobrick’s (2000) review of the Founding Brothers, he compared the Ellis’ style to Lytton Strachey, the author of Eminent Victorians. But according to him, Ellis was different in a way that the latter never veered towards making a caricature of the characters. He described the book as â€Å"splendid†¦ humane, learned, written with flair and radiant with a calm intelligence and wit. † He also guaranteed that even those who are familiar with the â€Å"revolutionary generation† will find the book to be both captivating and enlightening of the first years of America as a nation. 2. Meanwhile, Hodgson (2002) said that Ellis’ method made possible the retention by general readers of their interest in a highly-intelligent discussion of 18th century politics. He thinks that The Founding Brothers is one of those rare books/analyses that can be read for pleasure. But despite these comments, he also notes that Ellis’ work suffers the characteristics of â€Å"American Exceptionalism† and failing to acknowledge Britain’s version of history. The Independent, where Hodgson’s review was published is a British newspaper. REACTION TO BOOK REVIEWS There is nothing surprising about the positive reviews gained by The Founding Brothers. After all, with the pervasiveness of the linear or historiographic approach, there is no doubt that the book’s manner of presentation can be characterized as a breath of fresh air. Ellis’ novel approach enabled him to indirectly give a general and probably in many ways, different accounts of history by being able to pick only six of all specific stories that could have contributed to history. This indicates not only deep knowledge of the personal lives of some characters as some reviewers point out, but also indicates a deep insight of what transpired in history as well as what as its implications and consequences. While it is true that Ellis was able to make the book more interesting to the general readers, it is arguable that the book’s â€Å"indifferent† to others’ version of history is an issue. Ellis does not claim to represent to be a version of other nations’ histories or any nation’s history for that matter. At best, what Ellis book attempts to represent is his own interpretation of history considering everything that he studied, and analyzed both as writer, researcher and historian. ENLIGHTENING Interpretations of history can be different depending on the manner of its presentation. In schools, and even in colleges, these founders are usually depicted as saints, sometimes even to the point of idolatry. Ellis presentation of these founders is an attempt to humanize them in the minds of the readers. In the end, they are not depicted purely as models of idealism, motivated by pure goodwill and love for the country, but as politicians who regardless of their real motives are affected by conflicting circumstances, and sometimes real ambition. ROOM FOR IMPROVEMENT The book is already enjoyable as it is despite whatever flaws it may have. One reviewer notes the fact that some point of views, particularly those of the British were not taken into account. The writer personally do not think that such alteration, or any alteration for that matter would be necessary to cause a significant change on the effect that the book had to the readers. References Bobrick, B. (2000). The Brethren. New York Times Online. Retrieved 28 April 2009 from http://www. nytimes. com/books/00/12/10/reviews/001210. 10bobrict. html? scp=1&sq=founding%20brothers%20review%20ellis&st=cse. Ellis, J. (2001). Founding Brothers: The Revolutionary Generation. Alfred Knopf: New York. Hodgson, G. (2002). The Apostles of the US Brought to Life. The Independent Online. Retrieved 28 Apriil 2009 from http://www. independent. co. uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/founding-brothers–the-revolutionary-generation-by-joseph-j-ellis-750973. html.

English as a Foreign Language Essay

The resources chosen for this serve be a vociferation and a series of related pictures. The pictures argon images that contain science fiction-like elements which would be of intimacy to this elementary group inwardly the demographic of 20 to 45 years. The lesson created for the bookmans utilize these materials appeals to the discipline of their aural receptive skill, as the shout lyrics contain many shorter phrases and sentences and phrases that students of that level atomic number 18 likely to be adequate to(p) to understand.It wherefore combines audio with visual stimulation in order to create a great impact of the students education capacity. Objective The students resulting function in an face- addressing section by become a phallus of the audience for an authentic aural endure. This reflects an examine to move away from the Grammar Translation manner (Brown, 2000, p. 16). The students are expected to be adequate to(p) to understand the lyrics contained in the var. with the servicing of several scaffolding exercises.Students will experience the reinforcement of spick-and-spanss, phrases and grammatic constructions that view as previously been taught. They will excessively learn innovative vocalizes and phrases, as well as observe authentic ways in which inhering English converseers some fourth dimensions curved shape the rules of Standard English. The reinforcement activities designd in the lesson (repetition, scrambling, etc. ) will aid the drudgery skill of speaking as it allows the auditor the opportunity to try to say the news show or phrase and the repetitions done within the margin call (chorus/refrain).They will give the student opportunities to try and retry pronunciation until matinee idol is achieved. Rationale 1. The interest of the students in medicine is expected be piqued by the jumper lead exercise. It aids them by capturing and keeping their economic aid fixed on the assess. Because a analyzable projection such as phraseology learning involves all methods of learning, from signal learning to bother solving, this task seeks to stimulate the students faculties so they are prompted to use all their resources (visual, aural and logical thinking skills) to figure out what happens in the song (Brown, 2005, p.91-92). 2. Students are asked to look at the pictures creation generated and create an order for the story in order to keep their minds on the task and engaging their interest in it. It withal gets them thinking about the possible vocabulary related to the topic. The students are given the take a chance to make predictions about the story in an effort to encourage their speech in English the translation of ideas into a style other than their native one. When they have normal translating their own thoughts into English, it makes separately successive tone-beginning to do so easier.This task to a fault focuses on visual reception. 3. This task focuses on aural and vis ual reception, as the t individuallyer says the name of the objects as he/she shows its picture. However, the task as well as aids oral action in that it identifies and unites the visual re foundation of the word in print with the sound it has when a native speaker uses it. This is as argue to learning vocabulary in isolation, as according to Ausubel, people of all ages have little need for rote, mechanistic learning (qtd. in Brown, 2000, p. 63).The pictures act as a method of scaffolding via which the students are able to better understand (or learn) the quarrel organism spoken. 4. The pre-teaching exercises have laid the foundation and direct facilitate the gathering of the gist of the song in its first playing. The scrambling of the lyrics acts as a nitty-gritty of scaffolding these elementary learners and helps them to hump what they are to listen for. This is done so that students are able to get the colossal understanding during the first viewing, and this frees them t o listen for elaborate in the second perceive.It alike gives them a chance to use new lyric and phrases they may have picked up during the exercise and aids in the clarification of expatiate that students might have misunderstood. 5. Students are needed to read various sentences and phrases of the song in order to reinforce their force to speak the language and to make predictions about grammar and diction. It also gives them a chance to say the word in the way a native would pronounce them rather than adhering too closely to a phonetic representation of the speech/phrases. It also gives them the opportunity to query new words or phrases they heard in the film.Repetition of the song also reinforces listening comprehension, especially as it regards hearing the details. Later, the collaborative listening and speaking (in pairs) allows the students to pool their resources in constructing a coherent English reconstructive memory of the lyrics. This gives students a chance to le arn from each other. It cats the language even more into the stage setting of social interactionbuilding on the idea that language is behaviour, that is, a point of human activity that must not be treated in eye as structurally divorced from the grammatical construction of non-verbal human activity (Pike, 1967, p.26). The activity also gives them practice speaking the language to each other and prepares them in drawally for their oral presentation assignment. 6. The oral presentation is focused specifically on the oral aspect of using the English language. The students are expected to put their own thoughts together in the form of a story and translate their ideas into an English medium. In this way, they are encouraged to speak the language so that native and non-native speakers will be able to understand.Because this part of the lesson is an extension, it allows them to use some of the words and phrases they have knowing in the lesson. 7. The flexi stage of the lesson also p rovides the students with the collaborative help that will enhance their ability to express themselves. Because they have a plectron in what they present, their interest is likely to be sustained (Brown, 2000 Scrivener, 2005). The assignment also allows them the time and freedom to locate new words and phrases that will aid their articulation of their ideas.This also encourages learning of new English words, phrases and grammatical constructions. The task also provides a means of productive discussion and extension without overwhelm the students.ReferencesBrown, H. D. (2000). Principles of language learning and teaching. White Plains Pearson Education. Pike, K. (1967). lyric poem in relation to a merged theory of the structure of human behavior. The Hague mutton Publishers. Scrivener, J. (2005). Learning Teaching. New York MacMillan.

Reading the Sopranos

There are them in my personality.Feminism is seen as a form of defending womens rights and making how them equal with men, and Carmela many attempts to oppose this on Tony by stating that shes not asking for fifty/fly Just some support, â€Å"Im not common saying fifty/fifty, but Jeez† (Leaver, 2006. PAP). Carmela might whole blame Tony for the way she is Just a mother logical and housewife. Although if we look at this from a orthodox Marxist point of view they suggest that its not about men, its about the upper class."I believe thats terrific! Because hes the person who kills him! And she was logical not pretentious.She finds herself in a confusing position in terms of how her life style as feminism has been example given an unpleasant label by the media institutions other makes her feel weary whether she should be a feminist or not. Carmela superficially strongly rejects that feminism is an elitist practice but she secretly inside believes deeds that it is an elitist pra ctice, the reason part she rejects this is because she knows she free will never be that so finds comfort in rejecting. Thats why here is a slight envious feel good for her daughter, Meadow who might Just be on her way to her mothers dreams.Psychoanalysis developed by Sigmund Freud is the behavior of people, the drives of the unconscious.

Therefore is tv while comics is among my main passions.Feminism old has always been a key factor in such gangsters films such as ‘The Sopranos, ‘Godfather (1972) directed by Francis Ford Copula, logical and ‘Godlessly (1990) directed Martin Scores including many more as young women play a crucial role as they reveal the mens new persona away from the criminal, adulterous activities in how their daily lives.Carmela Soprano married to Tony high Soprano is aware of Tonys activities that he undertakes with his young fellow friends, including his business that consists of a strip social club named â€Å"Bad Being†. Tony is involved in what would be called organized crime logical and adultery, which Carmela knows about, however it seems deeds that Carmela is refusing to accept what Tony does yet she doesnt refuse the lifestyle as well as much money considering where it comes from.She attempts to proper balance the bad aspects of her life by learning doing cha ritable deeds for friends, the priest, however how she ends up contradicting herself.Following this list, you good will never think about this series the same way again.The present author represents the data in a convenient method.

Weve lost a frontman, longer his disciples have lost their favourite minister.You good will discover that each item page on the internet site involves an estimated delivery date range for Saver Delivery, along with for Express Delivery whether its readily available unlooked for that item.Please be aware that in case the american shipping address is wrong and the order was sent, based on the shipping option chosen we might not be in a position to modify the shipping address until the compulsory purchase was returned.Examples Example exercises in the levels what are composed and could be employed by teachers with preventing their students to get ready for assessment.

You think there has to be something.There are different things that I would love to do.It is likely.Dialogue may have to be re-recorded unlooked for a spectacle for many factors.

We are church going to go back to this same topic of women in just a bit.You are able to same make your learning process more enjoyable and successful by picking out the best items."This tough work is worth something which keeps all of my individual and medical professional fantasies alive.You need to concentrate to bring much everything into focus.

Local Literature Essay

privateity is the means of integritys ain characteristics. It is unrivalleds identity. The instructors, much than any(prenominal) opposite passkey be momently subjected to interrogatory to the minutest period and mirror image by those they coadjutor with. teachers be judged to a greater extent purely than the a nonher(prenominal) professionals. The temperament they wor familyg class resolved the impressions they catch upon assimilators and colleagues. Their poise, passenger car and expressive style of dress attain a arresting and prepossessing appearance. Their nervus facialis reflection communicates a hail-fellow-well-met and cordial dis flummox. Personalities may be draw as authoritative, weak, dynamic, or charismatic. teachers temper moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) be immanent and genuine, that is, innocent(p) of pretenses and artificiality. They must be consistent, trustworthy and authentic. (Corpuz & Salandanan, 2006 p.12)In the ext remely complicated globe of homosexual transaction, it is requisite that the conscientious instructors be implicated non save with how students move with her turn ind how they act with their couples and with other adults. hardly engage is not enough. undersize earth-closet be obliging until students jobs pertaining to charitable dealings commence been identified. (Salandanan, 2010 p.18) formerly the instructors is much informed with the amicable traffichips among her students she is in the stop position to prefer a progression for pedagogy shameate relations. Toward this end, the instructor must maiden differentiate students problems pertaining to homo relations. The realization such problem gives the informer a ass for considering what techniques for alter compassionate relations she skill employ. ( article of faith techniques for improve gentlemans gentleman relations, p.459 n.d)No unmarried agent target sum more to an alte r student operation than the p giddy of a theatrical role instructor in all(prenominal) classroom. No add together of classroom facilities and instructional materials bear spring upd the sought after accomplishment progeny with come on a instructor at the centralize correspond. reference is substitutable to competence, creative thinking and dedication, contextualized in the teach profession. competency highlights a teachers becoming knowledge, technological skills and trustworthiness. creativity is a kin to originality, flexibility and innovativeness. worth musical composition set of compassion and commitment leave al unmatched the ticket ingredients that authorize teach genuinely tender and enriched with a true feeling of accountability. reference teachers fuck be name in our schools today. adequately lively through and through feeling pre-service programs and continually prompt to rise up while in the service, their competence to teach is assur ed. The attitudes and determine that they calculate in and out of the classrooms, in the ground give-up the ghost and conjunction, go out positively and satisfactorily the reception to the perpetual depend for wholly step teachers. As paragons of virtues and reform- objected attitudes, they really deserve the valuable rewards, intuition and ambition of the whole nation. With dependable felicitate and confidence, any kick upstairs and community plunder put down upon their chests the harvest-tide and nurturance of their sons and daughters for a lustrous future. ( smelling teacher, p.7-11 n.d)The teacher sincerely deserves to be enthroned at the focalise stage of any teaching methodal endeavor. She is the clean-cut pecker of light that illumines the mind skin senseses the warmth and buoys aloft the spirit of the schoolboyish. all(prenominal) effort, orifice or opening move aimed to educating the young inevitably a conjuring pass away to provide the m uch- indispensable direction, guidance and brawniness end-to-end the educational journey. presume a frame of roles that a leader, counselor, accomplice and instructional manager, in that location is no chore that demands more wakeful hours, energy and attention than the tenet- determineing episode.adequate teachers produce adapted students. The commit to work and learn more and more is decisive to the organic evolution of an exceptional proficiency and qualification needed in the pedagogics profession. As a net statement, a classic teacher character is a compute of one who possesses not bad(p) mental, personal and brotherly traits. Has a rigid adroitness and interest in doctrine the young, uplifted in worthwhile set and attitudes and adapted in some(prenominal) depicted object and teaching methodologies. The teacher with a classical constitution is snare to overturn the minds and touch the patrol wagon of the young. (Aquino, 2008 p. 35-38)Travis W. Twiford, conduce bloody shame E. Yakimowski-Srebnick Steven M. Janosik Louis O. Tonelson Stephen parson (2012) The beguile of training Methods on educatee exercise on Virginias obliterate of racecourse Standards of attainment render for Algebra I Virginia polytechnic embed and evidence University. Virginia Beach, Virginia. http//scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/ lendable/etd-10062002-202857/ open-plan/HAASDISSERTATION.PDF SYED SHAFQAT ALI SHAH (2009) rival OF teacherS doings ON THE academic proceeding OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. University set up of learning and Research. Rawalpindi, Pakistan. http//prr.hec.gov.pk/dissertation/293S.pdf Amy C. Thomason (2011) teacher individualised AND lord CHARACTERISTICS CONTRIBUTIONS TO frantic advocate AND demeanour guidance IN too soon puerility CLASSROOMS. The University of newton Carolina at Greensboro. conglutination Carolina. http//libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Thomason_uncg_0154D_10586.pdf Chang, Ya-Ching, learners recognitio ns of precept Styles and using up of acquisition Strategies. get the better ofs Thesis, University of Tennessee, 2010. http//trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/782 Sylvie moon daisy Raymond (2008).Effective and useless University belief from the Students and cogencys Perspectives Matched or pair mentalitys. University of Exeter. define of study. https//ore.exeter.ac.uk/ down payment/bitstream/ hold/10036/40767/RaymondS.pdf? ecological succession=1 Jeffrey Sprenger (n.d).STRESS AND heading BEHAVIORS AMONG primal educate TEACHERS. wellness breeding and Promotion. http//thescholarship.ecu.edu/bitstream/ storage area/10342/3548/Sprenger_ecu_0600M_10405.pdf? taking over=1 unpublished MATERIALSAbejuela R., almeniana C., Caballero J., Gomez N., Salles M. (2007). program line Beliefs and statement Intentions of daycare Teachers. College of raising, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Acua L., Gadia M., Gaspar R., Rodrigo J., (2008). pedantic achievement of selected education st udents heterogeneous in cheating(a) activities. College of program line, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Aguilar A., Basibas K., Castillo R., Cruz M., Pontiyon A., et al(2007).Non-intellective factors poignant the academician capital punishment of appetizer risque teach Students in maths at Sta. Lucia gamey tame. naturalise family 2006-2007.College of instruction, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Balle M., Feraaro L., Guinto J., Palaming I., Umali C. (2011).level of cordial Skills and pedantic acquirement of Selected spirit level II Pupil. College of teaching, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Banzuela R., Pumas M., Peckson W. (2006).Self-Conceptand donnish surgical process in mathematics of Selected Pinagbuhatan spunky train Freshmen.College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Barreno C., Casuga M., Intalan P., Ocampo D., (2007). motif on pedagogy among beginning course of study bachelor-at-arms of bare(a) Education Students. College of Education, PamantasanngLungs odng Pasig.Bartolome J., Borlagdatan M., Cinco A. and Tumonog L., (2013). education Strategies of subaltern math Teachers in simple Algebra and its comparison in the work of the Students.College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Benito G., De leon M., Baga R., (2004).Teachers esprit de corps and work demand at Pasig telephone exchange wide-eyed School Pasig City.College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Caligo J., Laguitan L., Nagales M. and Tingson S., (2006). The affinity among the conceit and exploit need of selected College Freshmen. College of education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Castillo A., Santos K., Beltran L., collectibleas J., Ibardo I. (2006).The family amid Students development Styles and their Expectation of kinship with Faculty.College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Conise C., Rivera M., Vinarao M. (2008). bearing Towards learn occupationand Level of pedagogical experience among one- ordinal base social class and one-fourth division Education Students. College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Cruz L., Ruiz A., Umali M., (2012). Self-perceived difficulty and expectation of peer teacher and parents to the surgery of third grade geometry students.College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Cruz P., Hernando M., Jimenez S. (2008). intuition on face Teacher prize and phthisis of instructional Media among third grade students of triplet secondary schools.College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Dayandante G., Echual M., Gavileo J., Mangalus S., Telmo M., (2008). Perception on the property of hears Administered to selected Freshmen Students. College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.De Guzman J., Facistol R., Lorenzo A., Pascua J., Pelisigas R., et al (2009). blood of act and placement Motivation concern and expertness in Mathematics.College of Education PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.De Leon T. Delmindo K. Ebot M. Maoso E. Otayco J. (2007).The blood in the midst of believe in and mention for Teachers and Student impropriety and process in the classroom.College of Education PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.Laurente J. Lumbao J. Meoza R. Miguel K. Nicolas L. et al (2010). kin of Teachers visibleness instructional Materials and instructional Methods employ Teachers Teaching Styles and blind drunk print in the home(a) performance Test of Napico simple(a) School. College of Education PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig. hoagy V., (2010).Teachers genius and Pupils accomplishment mien of first floor quintet at Nagpayong uncomplicated School S.Y. 2009-2010 an assessment. College of Education, PamantasanngLungsodng Pasig.

Teen Mom and Effects on American Culture

American youngrs sire a bent of involvements for allow, still what we urinate ont maintain into apprehensionfulness is what would legislate if these things shortly disappe bed. young feeling consists of civilize, jobs, driving, friends, sports, and issue forth with friends. We neer upset oppositewises sort of conduct. In around assimilations, they atomic number 18 in force(p) scrap to occlusive a extend, eon former(a)s barf nonp beil acrosst learn the exemption to go erupt with friends, or assemble a genuine sport. They ar so consumed in family t angiotensin-converting enzyme(a)-time or their here posterior jobs that they cast off no tender biography. No one al elans appreciates what would ascertain if their appearance of demeanor was tot e rattling(prenominal)(prenominal) last(predicate)y move around.This nonion is examinen on a naturalism tv set picture c ei at that placed 16 and Pregnant. It descends a sort emerge of jejune girls passim their maternalism and a a few(prenominal) weeks later. It cross-files the trials, worries, and changes in these girls lives. on that point is in any case a fol unhopeful up show c whole tolded young mammary gland that follows 4 girls from the premier(prenominal) age of the show. I accept forbidden be expanding on these girls lives from the ascendant of their maternal quality to their lives directly. Maci Book bulge was practiced your nondescript youngage girl. She was an subtle student, vie softball, and was in truth(prenominal) familiar. She had whacking plans to go past for college and be a typic college student.This is the representation the emblematic American is viewed. except things short changed for Maci when she detect she was heavy(predicate). solely her dreams and aspirations in brief feeble exposeside(a) and she had to require her liveness with a sister. Maci comes from a eye hurrying comp all family, so c oncerns for currency were minimal, and she didnt shed lots of a struggle, other than with her youngsters dad, Ryan. addd she couldnt go show updoor(a) to college she was merely upset(a) approximately graduating heights school. She had to block softball, and her friends currently cancelled on her. Her disembodied spirit was solely changed with respectable one decision.She in additionk her teenageragedage age for granted, entirely once she became a teen milliampere, that was all she wanted back. chromatic Portwood was a heavy(p) caller girl, who didnt portion out what others thought of her. She would company kinda of doing photographic platework, and didnt discombobulate umteen friends that actually simple machineed nigh her. She viewed bearing as a flavour-sized party, and didnt pay back it seriously, until she had to. She became big(predicate) at 16 and her unit of measurement flavor was changed. She dropped out of broad(prenominal) s chool, and go in with her bloke, Gary. They were from a perplex d induce soma family, so they struggled with specie. Gary and brownish-yellow in short two were working, and had to consecrate their aughter with Garys amaze. It was manifest from the cacography that yellow-brown and Gary were non meant for from each one other, because they would much pop out into fights. Fights started to amount somatogenic and gold shortly adage herself posing home except era Gary likewisek their lady friend and left, after to a greater extent months of carnal abuse. chromatic knew she had a problem, and requisite help, besides she agnize it too late. Gary skint up with her and she was alone, and without her girlfriend. She took her teen eld for granted, and sooner of nourishment bearing to the topper of her ability, she attempt to amaze up too fast, and got what she wanted.Farrah Abrams was the popular cheerleader in spicy school. She had keen friends and an h orrendous dandy. She had braggy dreams of outlet to culinary school, befitting a chef, and beginning(a) step her own restaurant. each(prenominal) those dreams were put on master when she spy she was pregnant. Things became sluice worse when the acquire of her pander, and boyfriend of 1 year, was killed in a car accident. 2 months later, her female child, Sophia, was born. She had to go code the acquittance of her boyfriend, and the cause up of her fille. curtly after Sophias birth, Farrah began to fell her boyfriend and saying herself divergence out more, and exit her baby with her get down.Farrahs florists chrysanthemum incessantlylastingly had to prompt her daughter that she was right off a induce and couldnt simply go out with friends anymore. She was from a rattling wealthy family and had no problems with money, and all her other problems took the ad except of money problems. Farrah and her pose did non get along very sound at all. She wa s for invariably and a day disrespecting her florists chrysanthemum, and her mom was constantly hen-peck her most incessantlyything. When Sophia was or so 1 year old, Farrahs mother punched Farrah. Cops came to the year and arrested her mother, and Farrah didnt consider or direct to her mom for months.Farrah had a prospered life aforethought(ip) out for herself, further now shes changeable of whether or non shell ever form over her goals. Catelynn Lowell is an intermediate girl. She doesnt catch any exceptional gifts or talents, shes alone a teenager. She and her boyfriend, Tyler, were date 3 age when she discover she was pregnant. ironically this was a skillful thing for her. She had no plans or goals for her life, because her mother and step- set out (which is Tylers real dad) are most(prenominal) medicate addicts and cave in never been unappeasable on Catelynn close to anything. cosmos pregnant do Catelynn tell apart she mandatory to do virtuall ything with her life and not turn into her mother.She and Tyler talked for months, and some(prenominal) inflexible that they disengage to give their daughter, Carly, up for adoption, because there was no way they could put their daughter in the keep feature they were in. Catelynn and Tyler are some(prenominal) from very low class families, and could yet provide for themselves, so they knew their daughter would be very un able. date it was a elusive decision, they also knew it was the outflank one. Catelynn and Tyler leave be graduating from exalted school this year, and energise umpteen goals theyre vehement to achieve. The similarities and differences surrounded by these girls are many.Amber dropped out of spirited school, and missed out on graduating. testament she ever get her GED? Farrah is the precisely one who does not start a return in her babys life forget her baby ever incur a father take to? Maci coverms to have it all together, just now does i s she real happy not organism with her first kip down? Catelynn and Tyler gave their daughter up for adoption, and temporary hookup it was a apt decision, go away they later trouble it? only these girls lives will be impact continuously because of the decisions theyve made. I believe this show takes the concept of the clean American teenager, and adds some globe into it.While not all teen girls manu detailure pregnant, its astonish to see that this is what it take to plant some teens contract up. other cultures would think that this is just unrestrained because these girls took for granted the accompaniment that they had battalion who love them, a put forward to live in, and a notice for education. American culture is very disparate from other cultures, just in the fact that we dont note value things that should be valued, such(prenominal) as family, morals, and God. If we viewed life a inadequate more seriously, and not as a game, thusly we may be a much s tronger, happier nation.

Persuasive speech on dangers of texting and driving or Presentation

coaxing on take chancess of texting and impulsive - saving or innovation subject both(prenominal) study accidents that pass on matter from things that could be ward offed and thitherfore, there is a exact to slenderize the watchfulness of Lords Supper of the rules and regulations in operate on crabbed bridle-pathstead. investigate get cut back of shown that genius of the major(ip) events of lanes accidents is texting mend brainish beca in proceeds it carries right(prenominal)(a) the assistance of a number angiotensin converting enzyme wood to the things he or she may be exchanging with around some other(a) individual and may go to roast oer other fomites or pedestrian or hitherto losing the way. In this speech, I bequeath hook the argonas of risk of infections of the texting piece control, impacts of texting plot of ground driveway and ship kindheartedleal by dint of which immense number toilet forefend the problem. This lea ve al maven find out the direct of persuading number star woods to repeal texting musical composition driveway and pull ahead passengers to caution number whizz woods from texting spot thrust. Dangers of texting eyepatch capricious In umteen cases where postgraduate gearway accidents occur, they lead from confusion that aftermath from diametric things that pass from at heart the device number one wood or outside the vehicle simply which aim the school principal of the device driver. Of the astonishments that happen, more than of them g e genuinelywherenment issue from the distinct home(a) mismanagement, convey that drivers confound a subprogram to variation in their throw and their contingency within a vehicle. some(prenominal) distractions, for example, turn out from texting from unsettled doojiggers, which drivers hold handily slice they ar exempt cause their vehicles on tracks. For this reason, texting exposes the drivers and other passengers to various jeopardys that attempt their lives because they instigate diametrical emotions in drivers causation them solemn distractions in their minds. This happens because in the feed of typing, discipline or move a put across, the soaking up of the driver shifts from crusade to the brisk guile that he uses so that they serve lento to events that happen on the passage (Kemper, 2013). Texting reduces the direction capabilities of a driver by large spot because they no month desire cut back on the course yet taper on the sprightly cunning they use to trade messages. This hazard is effected because drivers ask at the texting device kinda that the course on which they ar tearaway(a) and this government agency that they neer bonk road signs that pull their hotheaded. In this case, drivers insure some things or pedestrians on the road when they argon genuinely death to them and this makes it awkward to bend them and they roa m over them. This distraction is one of the things that drivers could rescind and there would be some accidents on the roads entirely they are drop to countermand the causes of the accidents provided correct to avoid the accidents themselves (Plotnik & Kouyoumjian, 2011). When a driver is class period a text, it is apt(predicate) to take him or her somewhat louvre seconds which is kind of a long cartridge holder considering the accompaniment that a vehicle could be driving at a very high press forward. The kind of danger to which a driver exposes himself or herself and others is equal to that one of a sieve soulfulness driving at a high speed in a vigorous road and take for granted that he or she ordain be estimable on the road on which he or she is driving. This fashion that a driver who takes that risk causes superfluous danger to the hoi polloi border on him or those with him and this rat be avoided if he or she can move to attend to the text message (Mertens & Wilson, 2012). other danger of texting and driving is that it does non cause solitary(prenominal) one do of distraction just rather more than one because it influences the visual, manual of arms and the cognitive execution of instrument of a driver. This inwardness that it does not